What Is the Art of Organizing Type Logos and Illustrations for Traditional Print Media Called?

Method of communication

Prototype showing the visual communication process

Visual advice is the use of visual elements to convey ideas and information^[1] which include but are not limited to, signs, typography, drawing, graphic design, illustration, industrial design, advertising, animation, and electronic resources.^[two] Humans have used visual communication since prehistoric times.^[3] Within modern culture, there are several types of characteristics when information technology comes to visual elements, they consist of objects, models, graphs, diagrams, maps, and photographs.^[1] Outside the dissimilar types of characteristics and elements, there are seven components of visual communication: Color, Shape, Tones, Texture, Figure-Ground, Balance, and Hierarchy.^[one]

Each of these characteristics, elements, and components play an important role in daily lives. Visual communication holds a specific purpose in aspects such every bit Social Media, Culture, Politics, Economics, and Scientific discipline. In considering these dissimilar aspects, visual elements present various uses and how they convey information.^[4] Whether it is advertisements, teaching and learning, or speeches and presentations, they all involve visual aids that communicate a message.^[5] In reference to the visual aids, the following are the most mutual: Chalkboard or Whiteboard, Poster Board, Handouts, Video Excerpts, Project Equipment, and Reckoner-Assisted Presentations.^[six]

Overview [edit]

The debate about the nature of visual communication dates back thousands of years. Visual communication relies on a collection of activities, communicating ideas, attitudes, and values via visual resources, i.due east. text, graphics, or video.^{[ citation needed ]} The evaluation of a good visual communication blueprint is mainly based on measuring comprehension by the audition, not on personal artful and/or creative preference equally at that place are no universally agreed-upon principles of aesthetics.^[7] Visual communication by e-mail, a textual medium, is ordinarily expressed with ASCII art, emoticons, and embedded digital images. Visual communication has become i of the most of import approaches using which people communicate and share information.^{[8] [ self-published source? ]}

The term 'visual presentation' is used to refer to the actual presentation of information through a visible medium such as text or images. Recent enquiry in the field has focused on web design and graphically-oriented usability.^[9]

Important figures [edit]

Aldous Huxley is regarded equally one of the most prominent explorers of visual communication and sight-related theories.^[10] Condign near-blind in his teen years as the consequence of an illness set the stage for what would make him i of the most intellectual people to have ever explored visual advice. His work includes of import novels on the dehumanizing aspects of scientific progress, almost famously Brave New World and The Art of Seeing. He described "seeing" as being the sum of sensing, selecting, and perceiving. 1 of his most famous quotes is "The more you run into, the more than you know."

Max Wertheimer is said to exist the father of Gestalt psychology. Gestalt ways form or shape in German, and the study of Gestalt psychology testify emphasis in simplicity, equally its properties group visuals by similarity in shape or color, continuity, and proximity. Additional laws include closure and effigy-footing principles in studied images is also intensively taught.^{[ citation needed ]}

Prototype analysis [edit]

Visual communication contains image aspects. The interpretation of images is subjective and to understand the depth of meaning, or multiple meanings, communicated in an paradigm requires image analysis. Images can exist analyzed though many perspectives, for example these six major perspectives presented by Paul Martin Lester: Personal, Historical, Technical, Ethical, Cultural, and Critical.^[11]

• Personal Perspective: When a viewer has an opinion about an image based on their personal thoughts. Personal response depends on the viewer's thoughts and values, individually. However, this might sometimes conflict with cultural values. Also when a viewer has viewed an image with a personal perspective, it is difficult to change the view of the image on the viewer, even though the image can be seen in other ways.^[eleven]
• Historical perspective: An image'due south view tin be arising from the history of the utilize of media. Through times sort images accept been inverse, because the use of different (new) media. For case: The result of using the calculator to edit images (e.g. Photoshop) is quite different when comparing images that are made and edited by craft.^[xi]
• Technical perspective: When the view of an paradigm is influenced by the apply of lights, position and the presentation of the image. The right use of calorie-free, position and presentation of the epitome can improve the view of the image. It makes the image looks meliorate than the reality.^[11]
• Upstanding perspective: From this perspective, the maker of the image, the viewer and the prototype itself must be responsible morally and ethically to the prototype. This perspective is also categorized in half-dozen categories: chiselled imperative, utilitarianism, hedonism, golden mean, gilt rule, and veil of ignorance.^[11]
• Cultural perspective: Symbolization is an important definition for this perspective. Cultural perspective involves identity of symbols. The uses of words that are related with the image, the employ of heroes in the prototype, etc. are the symbolization of the image. The cultural perspective can also be seen equally the semiotic perspective.^[11]
• Critical perspective: The view of images in the critical perspective is when the viewers criticize the images, but the critics have been fabricated in interests of the guild, although an individual makes the critics. This mode this perspective differs from the personal perspective.^[eleven]

Visual Aid Media: Simple to Advanced [edit]

• Chalkboard or whiteboard: Chalkboards and whiteboards are very useful visual aids, particularly when more advanced types of media are bachelor. They are inexpensive and also allow for much flexibility.^[12] The use of chalkboards or whiteboards is convenient, just they are not a perfect visual aid. Often, using this medium as an aid can create confusion or colorlessness. Specially if a pupil who is not familiar with how to properly use visual aids attempts to draw on a board while they are speaking, they detract fourth dimension and attention from their actual speech communication.^[12]
• Poster board: A poster is a very elementary and easy visual aid. Posters tin display charts, graphs, pictures, or illustrations. The biggest drawback of using a poster as a visual aid is that oft a poster can announced unprofessional. Since a poster board newspaper is relatively flimsy, frequently the paper will bend or fall over. The best way to present a affiche is to hang it upward or tape information technology to a wall.^[12]
• Handouts: Handouts tin can likewise brandish charts, graphs, pictures, or illustrations. An important aspect of the employ of a handout is that a person can proceed a handout with them long after the presentation is over. This can help the person better remember what was discussed. Passing out handouts, however, can be extremely distracting. Once a handout is given out, it might potentially be hard to bring back your audience's attending. The person who receives the handout might be tempted to read what is on the paper, which volition go on them from listening to what the speaker is saying. If using a handout, the speaker distributes the manus out correct before yous reference it.^[13]Distributing handouts is acceptable in a lecture that is an hour or two, but in a short lecture of five to ten minutes, a handout should not be used.^[12]
• Video excerpts: A video tin be a great visual aid and attention grabber, withal, a video is not a replacement for an bodily speech. There are several potential drawbacks to playing a video during a speech or lecture. First, if a video is playing that includes audio, the speaker volition not be able to talk. Also, if the video is very exciting and interesting, information technology tin make what the speaker is maxim appear irksome and uninteresting. The key to showing a video during a presentation is to brand sure to transition smoothly into the video and to simply show very short clips.^[12]
• Project equipment: There are several types of projectors. These include slide projectors, PowerPoint presentations, overhead projectors, and computer projectors. Slide projectors are the oldest form of projector, and are no longer used. PowerPoint presentations are very popular and are used oftentimes. Overhead projectors are however used but are somewhat inconvenient to use. In order to employ an overhead projector, a transparency must be fabricated of whatever is being projected onto the screen. This takes time and costs coin. Computer projectors are the almost technologically avant-garde projectors. When using a figurer projector, pictures and slides are easily taken right from a reckoner either online or from a saved file and are blown up and shown on a big screen. Though computer projectors are technologically advanced, they are not always completely reliable because technological breakdowns are not uncommon of the computers of today.^[12]
• Computer-assisted presentations: PowerPoint presentations can exist an extremely useful visual aid, specially for longer presentations. For five- to 10-minute presentations, information technology is probably not worth the time or effort to put together a PowerPoint. For longer presentations, however, PowerPoints can be a great manner to go along the audience engaged and keep the speaker on track. A potential drawback of using a PowerPoint is that it usually takes a lot of time and energy to put together. In that location is also the possibility of a figurer malfunction, which can mess up the flow of a presentation.^[12]

Components [edit]

Components of visualization make communicating data more than intriguing and compelling. The post-obit components are the foundation for communicating visually. Bureaucracy is an of import principle considering it assists the audition in processing the data past allowing them to follow through the visuals piece past piece. When having a focal signal on a visual aid (i.e. Website, Social Media, Affiche, etc...), it tin serve as a starting indicate for the audience to guide them. In order to achieve hierarchy, we must take into account the other components: Colour, Shape, Tones, Texture, Effigy-Ground, Balance.^[14]

Colors is the start and most important component when communicating through visuals. Colors displays an in-depth connection between emotions and experiences. Additive and subtractive color models help in visually communicating aesthetically please data.^[14] Additive color model, also known every bit RGB color (Red, Green, Blue) goes from dark to lite colors, while subtractive colour model is the opposite. The subtractive color model includes the primary CMYK colors (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) which become from light to night.^[15] Shape is the side by side central component that assists in creating a symbol that builds a connection with the audience. There are 2 categories that shapes tin autumn under: Organic or Biomorphic shapes, and Geometric or Rectilinear shapes. Organic or biomorphic shapes are shapes that depict natural materials (which include curvy lines), while Geometric or Rectilinear shapes are shapes that are created by homo (including triangles, rectangles, ovals, and circles).^[14]

Tone refers to the difference of color intensity, meaning more than light or dark. The purpose of achieving a certain tone is to put a spotlight on a graphical presentation and emphasize the information. Similarly, texture can enhance the viewers optics and creates a more personal feel compared to a corporate feel. Texture refers to the surface of an object, whether is information technology two-D or iii-D, that can dilate a user'southward content.^[14]

Figure-ground is the relationship betwixt a effigy and the groundwork. In other words, it is the relationship between shapes, objects, types, etc. and the space it is in. We can look at figure as the positive space, and footing as the negative space. In comparison, positive space is the objects that hold potency visually, while negative space (every bit mentioned previously) is the background. In addition to creating a potent contrast in color, texture, and tone, figure-basis can highlight dissimilar figures. As for rest, information technology is of import to have symmetrical or asymmetrical balance in visual communication. Symmetrical residual holds a stable composition and is proper in carrying informative visual communication. Every bit for asymmetrical residual, the residue of visuals is weighted more to ane side. For example, color is more weighted to i color than the other, while in a symmetrical balance all colors are equally weighted.^[xiv]

Importance and purpose [edit]

[edit]

Social media is one of the most effective ways to communicate. The incorporation of text and images deliver messages quicker and more than simplistic through social media platforms. A potential drawback tin can exist there is limited access due to the internet access requirement and certain limitations to the number of characters and epitome size.^[16] Despite the potential drawback, at that place has been a shift towards more visual images with the rise of YouTube, Instagram, and Snapchat. In the ascension of these platforms, Facebook and Twitter, take followed suit and integrated more than visual images into their platform exterior the utilize of written posts.^[17] It tin can be stated that visual images are used in two ways: as additional clarification for spoken or written text, or to create individual significant (usually incorporating ambiguous meanings). These meanings can help in creating casual friendships through interactions and either testify or fabricate reality. These major platforms are becoming focused on visual images by growing a multimodal platform with users having the ability to edit or adjust their pictures or videos these platforms.^[17] When analyzing the relationship between visual advice and social media, iv themes arise:

• Emerging genres and practices: The sharing of diverse visual elements permit for the creation of genres, or new arrangements of socially accepted visual elements(i.e. photographs or GIFs) based on the platforms. These emerging genres are used as self-expression of identity, to feel a sense of belonging of dissimilar sub-group of the online customs.^[eighteen]
• Identity Construction: Like to genres, users volition employ visuals through social media to limited their identities. Visual elements can alter in significant over a period of time by the person who shared it, which ways that visual elements tin exist dynamic. This makes visuals uncontrollable since the person may not identify as that specific identity, just rather someone who has evolved.^[18]
• Everyday Public/Private Colloquial Practices: This theme presents the difficulty of deciphering what is considered public, or private. Users can postal service the privacy from their own home, even so, their mail service is interacting with users from the online public.^[18]
• Transmedia Circulation, Appropriation, and Control: Transmedia apportionment refers to visual elements being circulated through unlike types of media. Visual elements, such equally images can be taken from i platform, edited, and posted to another platform without recognizing where it originally came from. The concept of cribbing and ownership can be brought into question, making enlightened the idea that if a user can appropriate another person piece of work, and then that user's work can appropriated, equally well.^[18]

Culture [edit]

Members of different cultures can participate in the commutation of visual imagery based on the idea of universal understandings. The term visual civilisation allows for all cultures to feel equal, making information technology the inclusive aspect of every life.^{[xix] [ unreliable source? ]} When considering visual culture in advice, it is shaped by the values amongst all cultures, especially regarding the concepts of high and low-context. Cultures that are generally more high-context will rely heavily on visual elements that accept an implied and implicit pregnant. Notwithstanding, cultures that are depression-context will rely on visual elements that have a direct meaning and rely more than on the textual explanations.^[20]

Politics [edit]

Visual communication in politics take become a primary sense of advice, while dialogue and text have become a secondary sense. This is due to the fact as more people turn towards their televisions, they go more dependent on visuals. Audio bite has go a popular and perfected art amidst all political figures. Despite it existence a favored way of showcasing a political effigy'due south calendar, it has shown that 25.ane% of news coverage displayed image bites - instead of voices, there are images and short videos. Visuals are deemed an essential function in political communication, and behind these visuals are x functions for why political figures use them. These functions include:^[21]

• Argument Part: Although images practise not indicate any words being said, this function conveys the idea that images tin can have an association between objects or ideas. Visuals in politics tin make arguments most the different aspects of a political figure's grapheme or intentions. When introducing visual imagery with sound, the targeted audience can clarify ambiguous messages that a political figure has said in interviews or news stories.^[21]
• Agenda Setting Function: Under this function, it is important that political figures produce newsworthy pictures that will allow for their message to proceeds coverage. The reason for this is due to the agenda-setting theory, where importance of public agenda is taken into consideration when the media determines the importance of a certain story or event.^[21] With that said, if politicians do not provide an interesting and attention-grabbing picture, in that location will probable be no news coverage. A way for a politician to proceeds news coverage, is to provide exclusivity for what the media can capture from a certain event. Despite non having the power to control whether they receive coverage, they tin can control if the media gets an interesting and eye-catching visual.^[21]
• Dramatization Function: Similar to agenda setting, the dramatization function targets a specific policy that a political figure wants to abet for. This function tin exist seen when Michelle Obama promoted diet by hosting a media event of her planting a vegetable garden, or Martin Luther Rex Jr. producing visuals from his 1963 campaign for racial injustice. In some cases, these images are used equally icons for social movements.^[21]
• Emotional Function: Visuals can be used every bit a manner to provoke an emotional response. A report that was performed found that motion pictures and video has more of an emotional impact than still images.^[22] On the other hand, enquiry has suggested that the logic and rationality of a viewer is not barred by emotion.^[23] In fact, logic and emotion are interrelated significant that images not only tin can accept emotional arousal, but too influence viewers to recall logically.^[24]
• Image-Building Role: Imagery gives a viewer a first impression of a candidate when they are running for part. These visuals requite voters a sense of who they will be voting for during the elections, regarding their background, personality, or demeanor. They tin can create their image by appearing exist family unit-oriented, religiously involved, or showing a commonality with the disadvantaged community.^[21]
• Identification Function: Through the identification function, visuals can create an identification between political figures and audiences. In other words, the audience may perceive a type of similarity with the political figure. When a voter finds a similarity with a candidate they are more likely to vote for them. This is the same when a voter notices a candidate who does not have whatsoever perceived similarities, then they are less likely to vote for them.^[21]
• Documentation Function: Similar to a stamp on a passport that indicated y'all have been to a certain country, photographs of a political effigy can document that an issue had happened and they were there. By documenting an event that occurred, there is evidence and proof for belligerent claims. If a political figure claims i thing, then there is show to either dorsum it up or disprove it.^[21]
• Societal Symbol Function: This role is used in visuals when political figures use iconic symbols to draw on emotional power. For instance, political figures volition stand with American flags, be photographed with armed services personnel, or even attention a sport. These three areas of societal symbols hold a strong sense of patriotism. In comparison, congressional candidates may be pictured with former or current presidents to gain an implied endorsement. Many places like the Statue of Liberty, Mount Rushmore, or the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier tin be seen and iconic, societal symbols that concur a sense of emotional power.^[21]
• Transportation Role: The transportation part of using visuals is to transporter the viewer to a different fourth dimension or place. Visuals can figuratively bring viewers to the past or to an idealized future. Political figures will use this tactic equally a manner to appeal to the emotional side of their audience and get them to visually relate to the argument that is at hand.^[21]
• Ambiguity Function: Visuals can be used to interpret unlike meanings without having to add any words. By not adding whatsoever words, visuals are normally used for controversial arguments. On the basis that visual claims can exist controversial, they are held to a less strict standard compared to other symbols.^[21]

Economic [edit]

Economic science has been built on the foundation of visual elements, such as graphs and charts.^[25] Similar to the other aspects of why visual elements are used, graphs are used by economists to clarify complex ideas. Graphs simplify the process of visualizing trends that happen over time. Along the same lines, graphs are able to assistance in determining a relationship betwixt two or more than variables. The relationship can determine if there is a positive correlation or negative correlation between the variables.^[26] A graph that economists rely heavily on is a time-series graph, which measures a particular variable over a period of time. The graph includes time beingness on the 10-axis, while a changing variable is on the Y-axis.^[27]

Science and medicine [edit]

Science and medicine has shown a need for visual communication to assist in explaining to not-scientific readers. From Bohr's atomic model to NASA'due south photographs of World, these visual elements have served as tools in furthering the understand of science and medicine.^[4] More specifically, elements like graphs and slides portray both data and scientific concepts. Patterns that are revealed by those graphs are then used in association with the information to make up one's mind a meaningful correlation. Every bit for photographs, they can be useful for physicians to rely on in figuring out visible signs of diseases and illnesses.^[28]

However, using visual elements tin have negative effect on the understanding of information. Two major obstacles for non-scientific readers is: 1.) the lack of integration of visual elements in every day scientific language, and 2.) incorrectly identifying the targeted audience and not adjusting to their level of understanding.^[4] To tackle these obstacles, one solution is for science communicators must place the user at the center of the blueprint, which is called User-Centered Design. This blueprint focuses on strictly the user and how they can interact with the visual element with minimum stress, merely maximum level of efficiency.^[28] Another solution could be implemented at the source, which is university-based programs. In these programs, universities need to innovate visual literacy to those in science communication, helping in producing graduates who can accurately interpret, clarify, evaluate, and pattern visual elements that farther the agreement of scientific discipline and medicine.^[28]

See as well [edit]

• Advertising
• Art director
• Graphic design
• Illustration
• Models of communication
• Optical communication
• Photography
• Sign industry
• Telepresence
• Typography
• Videoconference
• Visual Communication (journal)
• Visual civilisation
• Visual design
• Visual language
• Visual rhetoric
• Visual sociology

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c} "seven Paramount Components of Visual Advice". Infographic Design Team - Infographics Blueprint - Data Visualization. Retrieved 2021-01-27. https://www.infographicdesignteam.com/blog/components-of-visual-communication/
2. ^ "Discipline Week". www.aubg.edu. November 21, 2020. Retrieved 2021-01-28 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
3. ^ Eddy, Matthew Daniel. "Diagrams". in Anthony Grafton, Ann Blair and Anja Sylvia Goeing (Eds.), A Companion to the History of Information (Princeton: Princeton University Printing, 2020), 397-401.
4. ^ ^{a b c} Bordley, Robert F. (May 2009). "The Hippocratic Oath, Effect Size, and Utility Theory" (PDF). Medical Decision Making. 29 (3): 377–379. doi:ten.1177/0272989X09333128. PMID 19380886. S2CID 45802325.
5. ^ "benefits of visual communication".
6. ^ Rothwell, J. Dan (2010). In the visitor of others : an introduction to communication (third ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-nineteen-533630-6. ^{[ page needed ]}
7. ^ Jorge Frascara (2004). Communication blueprint: principles, methods, and exercise. p.68
8. ^ "Why Visual Advice is And so Important in Content Marketing".
9. ^ Ruzaimi Mat Rani, writer, illustrator. (2015-09-15). A guide to visual presentation. ISBN978-ane-63159-103-7. OCLC 900012442. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) ^{[ page needed ]}
10. ^ Ryan, Lindy (2016). The Visual Imperative: Creating a Visual Civilization of Information Discovery. Morgan Kaufmann. p. 116. ISBN978-0128038444.
11. ^ ^{a b c d due east f g} Paul Martin Lester. Visual Communication: Images with Messages. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth, 2006. ISBN 978-0-534-63720-0.^{[ folio needed ]}
12. ^ ^{a b c d east f thou} Rothwell, J. Dan (2010). In the visitor of others : an introduction to communication (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-533630-vi. ^{[ page needed ]}
13. ^ Kumu, Ka. "Using Visual Aids Effectively". University of Hawaii Maui Higher Speech Department. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
14. ^ ^{a b c d e} Ruzaimi Mat Rani, author, illustrator. (2015-09-15). A guide to visual presentation. ISBN978-one-63159-103-7. OCLC 900012442. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) ^{[ page needed ]}
15. ^ "Color Theory: Additive and Subtractive Colors". The Paper . Retrieved xi February 2021. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
16. ^ Rothwell, J. Dan (2010). In the company of others : an introduction to communication (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford Academy Press. ISBN978-0-19-533630-6. ^{[ page needed ]}
17. ^ ^{a b} Russmann, Uta; Svensson, Jakob (21 December 2017). "Introduction to Visual Communication in the Age of Social Media: Conceptual, Theoretical and Methodological Challenges". Media and Communication. 5 (4): 1–5. doi:x.17645/mac.v5i4.1263.
18. ^ ^{a b c d} Adami, Elisabetta; Jewitt, Carey (Baronial 2016). "Special Event: Social media and the visual". Visual Communication. 15 (3): 263–270. doi:10.1177/1470357216644153. S2CID 147808318.
19. ^ "The Cultural Functions Of Visual Communication Media Essay". UKEssays.
20. ^ Brumberger, Eva (2014). "Toward A Framework for Intercultural Visual Communication A Critical Review and Call for Inquiry" (PDF). Connexions Internal Professional Advice Journal. 2 (1): 91–116. ISSN 2325-6044.
21. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j thou} Schill, Dan (Apr 2012). "The Visual Image and the Political Image: A Review of Visual Communication Enquiry in the Field of Political Communication". Review of Advice. 12 (ii): 118–142. doi:10.1080/15358593.2011.653504. S2CID 145705984.
22. ^ Detenber, Benjamin H.; Simons, Robert F.; Bennett, Gary G. (January 1998). "Curl 'em!: The effects of picture motion on emotional responses". Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 42 (ane): 113–127. doi:10.1080/08838159809364437.
23. ^ Barry, Ann Marie (1997). Visual Intelligence: Perception, Image, and Manipulation in Visual Communication. SUNY Press. ISBN978-0-7914-3435-two. ^{[ page needed ]}
24. ^ Domke, David; Perlmutter, David; Spratt, One thousand thousand (Baronial 2002). "The primes of our times?: An test of the 'power' of visual images". Journalism: Theory, Do & Criticism. 3 (two): 131–159. doi:ten.1177/146488490200300211. S2CID 146304039.
25. ^ Vazquez, Jose J.; Chiang, Eric P. (September 2014). "A flick is worth a thousand words (at least): The effective use of visuals in the economic science classroom". International Review of Economics Pedagogy. 17: 109–119. doi:x.1016/j.iree.2014.08.006.
26. ^ "The 45-Degree Line of Economics Definition". Bizfluent . Retrieved 2021-01-thirty .
27. ^ "Using Graphs and Charts to Evidence Values of Variables". 2012books.lardbucket.org . Retrieved 2021-01-30 .
28. ^ ^{a b c} Poland, Gregory A. (September 2013). "Visual Vaccinology – The Importance of Visual Advice". Vaccine. 31 (41): 4465. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.017. PMID 23871613.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_communication

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